How can humans be infected with avian influenza?

It is believed that most avian influenza infection in humans have been caused through close contact with infected poultry or their excretions.

There is currently no evidence of efficient or easy transmission of avian influenza from person to person but intimate physical contact with a person infected with avian influenza may be a risk. There have been a small number of events where limited human-to-human transmission of avian influenza may have occurred through very close contact.

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