The sex ratio at birth (SRB) ranges from 104 to 106 male births per 100 female births in most countries of the world, but its level has gradually increased over the last 25 years in several Asian countries, particularly in China and India.

This skewed population sex ratio reflects a preference for sons, in combination with increasing access to new sex-selection technology. The result is millions of “missing” women – a growing crisis for women and for their societies.

The deliberate elimination of girls and women through neglect and discrimination has long been documented in India, China, and other parts of Asia and other regions.

As a result of sharp reductions in fertility and mortality as well as increased life expectancy at birth, the elderly population in Viet Nam is increasing rapidly in both absolute and relative numbers. The population projections by the General Statistics Office (GSO, 2010) show that the elderly population (persons aged 60 and over) as a percent of the total population will reach 10 percent in 2017, or the Vietnamese population will enter the so-called ”aging phase” from 2017 onward.  Similar to rapid population growth, rapid population aging creates various pressures on economic growth, as well as on the infrastructure and social protection services. This report aims to provide a comprehensive review and analysis of related issues, and provide tentative recommendations for policy responses to issues related to aging in the years to come.

Based on the analysis of the sample data of the 2009 Census on Population and Housing in Viet Nam – this factsheet presents key information on the age and sex structure in Viet Nam. It also analyzes some policy implications and includes recommendations on how Viet Nam can take advantage of the opportunities and overcome the constraints of its demographic dynamics in the country’s socio-economic and human development planning.

This factsheet presents key highlights of the current education and training situation in Viet Nam based on the 2009 Population and Housing Census and other relevant data. By analyzing this data in the current policy and legal context, a set of recommendations have been developed to help Viet Nam address the identified gaps and disparities in education and training.

This factsheet presents key highlights of the current situation, trends and characteristics of internal migration in Viet Nam, based on the most recent Population and Housing Census (2009). It also summarizes policy implications and includes recommendations for appropriate internal migration related policies in Viet Nam.